Health tips

  Diabetes mellitus refers to a group of conditions characterized by high levels of blood glucose, commonly referred to as blood sugar. During digestion, carbohydrates in food are broken down into glucose which is carried by the bloodstream to various organs of the body. Glucose is taken up by the cells and is either consumed as an energy source or stored for later use. Insulin is a hormone produced by beta cells of the pancreas and is necessary for driving glucose into cells. The Binding of insulin to its receptor on target cells triggers a signaling cascade that brings glucose transporters to the cell membrane. When insulin is deficient, glucose cannot enter the cells; it stays in the blood, causing high blood sugar levels while the cells are deprived of nutrition. This results in unexplained weight loss and increased hunger. As blood sugar level exceeds the ability of the kidneys to reabsorb, it overflows into the urine, taking water along with it, resulting in large volumes of ...